Which scenario does not require spatial data integration?

• A. A construction company needs to automatically email invoices to its customers.
• B. A fast-food chain needs to find an optimal location for a new restaurant.
• C. A weather network needs to provide customers with real-time notifications of lightning strikes, including coordinates.
• D. A local government needs to track the locations of graffiti reports to efficiently dispatch removal crews.

Answer: (A)

Spatial data integration is about bringing geographic data together with other datasets so you can analyze, visualize, and act on location-based information. The scenario that doesn’t require this is sending invoices by email. It’s a straightforward business process driven by customer billing data, not by geography, maps, or coordinates. The other examples rely on location data: choosing a restaurant site involves spatial analysis and proximity/demographic data; real-time lightning notifications depend on exact coordinates; tracking graffiti reports and dispatching crews relies on mapping incidents to locations for efficient response.